輸送機(jī)是在一定的線路上連續(xù)輸送物料的物料搬運(yùn)機(jī)械，又稱連續(xù)輸送機(jī)。輸送機(jī)可進(jìn)行水平、傾斜和垂直輸送，也可組成空間輸送線路，輸送線路一般是固定的。輸送機(jī)輸送能力大，運(yùn)距長(zhǎng)，還可在輸送過程中同時(shí)完成若干工藝操作，所以應(yīng)用十分廣泛。
輸送機(jī)一般按有無牽引件來進(jìn)行分類。具有牽引件的輸送機(jī)一般包括牽引件、承載構(gòu)件、驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置、張緊裝置、改向裝置和支承件等。牽引件用以傳遞牽引力，可采用輸送帶、牽引鏈或鋼絲繩；承載構(gòu)件用以承放物料，有料斗、托架或吊具等；驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置給輸送機(jī)以動(dòng)力，一般由電動(dòng)機(jī)、減速器和制動(dòng)器(停止器)等組成；張緊裝置一般有螺桿式和重錘式兩種，可使?fàn)恳３忠欢ǖ膹埩痛苟?，以保證輸送機(jī)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；支承件用以承托牽引件或承載構(gòu)件，可采用托輥、滾輪等。
這類的輸送機(jī)種類繁多，主要有帶式輸送機(jī)、板式輸送機(jī)、小車式輸送機(jī)、自動(dòng)扶梯、自動(dòng)人行道、刮板輸送機(jī)、埋刮板輸送機(jī)、斗式輸送機(jī)、斗式提升機(jī)、懸掛輸送機(jī)和架空索道等。
沒有牽引件的輸送機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成各不相同，用來輸送物料的工作構(gòu)件亦不相同。它們的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是：利用工作構(gòu)件的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)或往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，或利用介質(zhì)在管道中的流動(dòng)使物料向前輸送。例如，輥?zhàn)虞斔蜋C(jī)的工作構(gòu)件為一系列輥?zhàn)?，輥?zhàn)幼餍D(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)以輸送物料；螺旋輸送機(jī)的工作構(gòu)件為螺旋，螺旋在料槽中作旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)以沿料槽推送物料；振動(dòng)輸送機(jī)的工作構(gòu)件為料槽，料槽作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)以輸送置于其中的物料等。
未來輸送機(jī)的將向著大型化發(fā)展、擴(kuò)大使用范圍、物料自動(dòng)分揀、降低能量消耗、減少污染等方面發(fā)展。
大型化包括大輸送能力、大單機(jī)長(zhǎng)度和大輸送傾角等幾個(gè)方面。水力輸送裝置的長(zhǎng)度已達(dá)440公里以上帶式輸送機(jī)的單機(jī)長(zhǎng)度已近15公里，并已出現(xiàn)由若干臺(tái)組成聯(lián)系甲乙兩地的“帶式輸送道”。不少國家正在探索長(zhǎng)距離、大運(yùn)量連續(xù)輸送物料的更完善的輸送機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)。
擴(kuò)大輸送機(jī)的使用范圍，是指發(fā)展能在高溫、低溫條件下有腐蝕性、放射性、易燃性物質(zhì)的環(huán)境中工作的，以及能輸送熾熱、易爆、易結(jié)團(tuán)、粘性物料的輸送機(jī)。
中譯英：
Conveyor lines in certain materials on the continuous conveyor material handling machinery, also known as the continuous conveyor. Conveyor can be horizontal, inclined and vertical transmission, the space can also be composed of transmission lines, transmission lines are generally fixed. Conveyor transport capacity, long distance, but also in the process of delivery to complete a number of technology operations at the same time, so a wide range of applications.
There is no traction conveyor according to the general classification. A traction piece conveyor generally include traction, bearing components, driving device, a tensioning device, and supporting device etc redirection. Traction device is used to transmit tractive force, the conveyor belt, traction chain or wire rope; bearing component used for bearing material, the hopper, bracket or spreader; driving device for conveyor with power, generally by the motor, a reducer and a brake(stop)and other components; the tensioning device generally has a screw type and a heavy hammer type two, can make the traction to keep certain tension and sag, in order to ensure the normal operation of conveyor; a support for supporting the traction parts or components, the roller, roller.
This kind of conveyor variety, main belt conveyor, slat conveyor, trolley conveyer, escalators, moving walkways, scraper conveyor, scraper conveyor, bucket conveyer, bucket elevator, conveyor and aerial tramway.
No traction conveyor structure composed of each are not identical, used for conveying materials work components are not the same. The structure is characterized in that: the use of working parts of rotary motion or reciprocal motion, or the use of medium flow in pipe material is transported forward. For example, roller conveyor working member is a series of roller, roller to rotate to transport materials; screw conveyor of the working member for spiral, spiral in the material groove to rotate along the trough to push material; vibration conveyer work component as the chute, chute for reciprocating movement to transport the material.
Future conveyor will be large-scale development, expanding the use range, automatic material sorting, reduce energy consumption, reduce pollution and other aspects of development.
Large scale comprises a large conveying capacity, large single length and inclination of the conveyor and so on several aspects. Hydraulic transporting device length already amounted to 440 kilometers above the belt conveyor single length has nearly 15 kilometers, and has appeared consisting of several contact B consisting of two " belt conveyor line". Many countries are exploring long distance, large capacity to continuously convey materials more perfect structure of conveyer.
Extending conveyer use range, refers to the development in high temperature, low temperature, corrosive, radioactive flammable substances in the environment to work, and can transfer the hot, explosive, easy agglomeration, viscous material conveyor.
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